{"id":10661,"date":"2025-10-03T22:15:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-03T22:15:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petutep.com\/?p=10661"},"modified":"2025-10-03T22:15:06","modified_gmt":"2025-10-03T22:15:06","slug":"bird-antibiotics-benefits-risks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petutep.com\/is\/bird-antibiotics-benefits-risks\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9tt val \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum fyrir fugla: Lei\u00f0arv\u00edsir"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00deegar fuglinn \u00feinn er veikur, getur r\u00e9tt s\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 veri\u00f0 munurinn milli l\u00edfs og dau\u00f0a.<\/em> En vissu \u00fe\u00fa a\u00f0 rangt vali\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyf getur ekki a\u00f0eins veri\u00f0 gagnslaust, heldur beinl\u00ednis h\u00e6ttulegt?<\/p>\n

Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja s\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla er fl\u00f3kin list sem krefst n\u00e1kv\u00e6mrar \u00feekkingar. \u00d3l\u00edkt spend\u00fdrum hafa fuglar einstaka l\u00edfe\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i sem hefur bein \u00e1hrif \u00e1 hvernig \u00feeir me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla lyf. Fugl me\u00f0 s\u00fdkingu getur versna\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6rf\u00e1um klukkustundum ef me\u00f0fer\u00f0in er ekki r\u00e9tt.<\/p>\n

S\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla – ekki bara minni skammtar<\/h2>\n

S\u00fdklalyf sem notu\u00f0 eru fyrir fugla eru oft s\u00e9rh\u00f6nnu\u00f0 fyrir \u00feeirra einstaka l\u00edff\u00e6rakerfi. Enrofloxacin<\/strong> og doxycycline<\/strong> eru me\u00f0al algengustu s\u00fdklalyfja sem notu\u00f0 eru \u00ed fuglal\u00e6kningum, en \u00feau verka \u00e1 mismunandi bakter\u00edutegundir og hafa \u00f3l\u00edka verkun.<\/p>\n

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„S\u00fdklalyfjanotkun \u00e1n greiningar er eins og a\u00f0 skj\u00f3ta \u00ed myrkri – \u00fe\u00fa g\u00e6tir hitt marki\u00f0, en l\u00edklegra er a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa valdir skemmdum.“ – Dr. J\u00f3hanna Sigur\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir, d\u00fdral\u00e6knir<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

H\u00e6tturnar sem leynast \u00ed rangri notkun<\/h2>\n

R\u00f6ng s\u00fdklalyfjanotkun hj\u00e1 fuglum getur leitt til:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • S\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mis<\/strong> – vaxandi vandam\u00e1l sem hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 b\u00e6\u00f0i d\u00fdr og menn<\/li>\n
  • Sveppas\u00fdkinga<\/strong> sem koma fram \u00feegar g\u00f3\u00f0gerlar eru drepnir<\/li>\n
  • Eitrunar\u00e1hrifa<\/strong> \u00e1 lifur og n\u00fdru fuglsins<\/li>\n
  • Dau\u00f0a<\/strong> vegna rangrar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar e\u00f0a of seint hafinna a\u00f0ger\u00f0a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ranns\u00f3knir fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2020 s\u00fdndu a\u00f0 allt a\u00f0 40% heimafugla f\u00e1 r\u00f6ng s\u00fdklalyf \u00feegar eigendur reyna sj\u00e1lfsme\u00f0h\u00f6ndlun. \u00deetta undirstrikar mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess a\u00f0 leita alltaf til d\u00fdral\u00e6knis me\u00f0 s\u00e9r\u00feekkingu \u00e1 fuglum \u00e1\u00f0ur en me\u00f0fer\u00f0 er hafin.<\/p>\n

    Algengustu sj\u00fakd\u00f3mar hj\u00e1 fuglum sem krefjast s\u00fdklalyfja<\/h2>\n

    Fuglar eru vi\u00f0kv\u00e6mar skepnur sem geta or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir \u00fdmsum bakter\u00edus\u00fdkingum sem krefjast tafarlausrar me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlunar. \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 heilsu g\u00e6lud\u00fdrsfugla er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00feekkja algengustu sj\u00fakd\u00f3mana sem geta krafist s\u00fdklalyfjagjafar. Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja s\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla veltur \u00e1 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mri greiningu \u00e1 sj\u00fakd\u00f3mseinkennum og r\u00e1\u00f0leggingum fr\u00e1 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni me\u00f0 s\u00e9r\u00feekkingu \u00e1 fuglum.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingar og einkenni \u00feeirra<\/h3>\n

    \u00d6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingar eru me\u00f0al algengustu bakter\u00edus\u00fdkinga hj\u00e1 fuglum. \u00deessar s\u00fdkingar geta veri\u00f0 l\u00edfsh\u00e6ttulegar ef \u00fe\u00e6r eru ekki me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla\u00f0ar t\u00edmanlega.<\/p>\n

    Helstu einkenni \u00f6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkinga eru:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Erfi\u00f0leikar vi\u00f0 \u00f6ndun e\u00f0a hr\u00f6\u00f0 \u00f6ndun<\/li>\n
    • H\u00f3sti e\u00f0a hnerri<\/li>\n
    • \u00datfer\u00f0 fr\u00e1 n\u00f6sum e\u00f0a augum<\/li>\n
    • B\u00f3lga \u00ed andliti e\u00f0a kringum augu<\/li>\n
    • Minnku\u00f0 virkni og orkuleysi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Bakter\u00edur eins og Mycoplasma gallisepticum<\/em> og Chlamydia psittaci<\/em> eru algengar orsakir \u00f6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkinga hj\u00e1 fuglum. S\u00fa s\u00ed\u00f0arnefnda getur einnig smitast \u00ed menn og valdi\u00f0 sj\u00fakd\u00f3mnum psittacosis, sem undirstrikar mikilv\u00e6gi r\u00e9ttrar me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlunar.<\/p>\n

      Meltingarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingar og hvernig \u00fe\u00e6r birtast<\/h3>\n

      Meltingarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingar eru anna\u00f0 algengt vandam\u00e1l hj\u00e1 fuglum sem oft krefst s\u00fdklalyfjagjafar. \u00deessar s\u00fdkingar geta haft alvarlegar aflei\u00f0ingar \u00e1 n\u00e6ringar\u00e1stand fuglsins.<\/p>\n

      D\u00e6miger\u00f0 einkenni meltingarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkinga:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Breyting \u00e1 \u00fatliti og \u00e1fer\u00f0 saurs (vatnskenndur, bl\u00f3\u00f0ugur e\u00f0a \u00f3e\u00f0lilegur litur)<\/li>\n
      • Minnku\u00f0 matarlyst<\/li>\n
      • \u00deyngdartap<\/li>\n
      • Uppk\u00f6st (hj\u00e1 sumum tegundum)<\/li>\n
      • \u00deaninn kvi\u00f0ur<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Bakter\u00edur eins og E. coli<\/em>, Salmonella<\/em> og Clostridium<\/em> eru algengar orsakir meltingarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkinga. \u00deessar s\u00fdkingar geta brei\u00f0st hratt \u00fat \u00ed b\u00farum \u00fear sem margir fuglar eru saman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Bakter\u00eda<\/th>\nAlgeng einkenni<\/th>\nAlgengar fuglategundir<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        E. coli<\/td>\nNi\u00f0urgangur, lethargi<\/td>\nP\u00e1fagaukar, kanari<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Salmonella<\/td>\nBl\u00f3\u00f0ugur ni\u00f0urgangur, \u00feyngdartap<\/td>\nUndulatar, finkar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Clostridium<\/td>\n\u00deaninn kvi\u00f0ur, skyndilegur dau\u00f0i<\/td>\nP\u00e1fagaukar, d\u00fafur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        H\u00fa\u00f0s\u00fdkingar og a\u00f0rar algengar bakter\u00edus\u00fdkingar<\/h3>\n

        H\u00fa\u00f0s\u00fdkingar eru ekki eins algengar og \u00f6ndunar- e\u00f0a meltingarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingar, en geta samt veri\u00f0 alvarlegar og krafist s\u00fdklalyfjagjafar.<\/p>\n

        Einkenni h\u00fa\u00f0s\u00fdkinga hj\u00e1 fuglum:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Fja\u00f0ramissir e\u00f0a \u00f3e\u00f0lilegar fja\u00f0rir<\/li>\n
        • Ro\u00f0i, b\u00f3lga e\u00f0a s\u00e1r \u00e1 h\u00fa\u00f0<\/li>\n
        • Kl\u00e1\u00f0i e\u00f0a \u00f3venjuleg heg\u00f0un (fuglinn kl\u00f3rar s\u00e9r e\u00f0a nuddar s\u00e9r vi\u00f0 hluti)<\/li>\n
        • Hr\u00fa\u00f0ur e\u00f0a skorpa \u00e1 h\u00fa\u00f0<\/li>\n
        • B\u00f3lgnar f\u00e6tur e\u00f0a li\u00f0ir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Staphylococcus<\/em> og Streptococcus<\/em> bakter\u00edur eru algengar orsakir h\u00fa\u00f0s\u00fdkinga. \u00deessar s\u00fdkingar geta komi\u00f0 \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar \u00e1verka e\u00f0a vegna l\u00e9legra a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0na \u00ed b\u00fari.<\/p>\n

          A\u00f0rar algengar bakter\u00edus\u00fdkingar hj\u00e1 fuglum eru augns\u00fdkingar, s\u00fdkingar \u00ed \u00e6xlunarf\u00e6rum og bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fdkingar. Bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fdkingar eru s\u00e9rstaklega alvarlegar og geta veri\u00f0 banv\u00e6nar \u00e1 sk\u00f6mmum t\u00edma ef ekki er brug\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 \u00feeim.<\/p>\n

          \n

          Mikilv\u00e6gt:<\/strong> Aldrei skal gefa fuglum s\u00fdklalyf \u00e1n samr\u00e1\u00f0s vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni. R\u00f6ng s\u00fdklalyfjanotkun getur leitt til \u00f3n\u00e6mis og gert me\u00f0fer\u00f0 erfi\u00f0ari \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

          R\u00e9tt greining er grundv\u00f6llur \u00e1rangursr\u00edkrar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar. D\u00fdral\u00e6knir mun oft taka s\u00fdni til r\u00e6ktunar og n\u00e6mispr\u00f3fs til a\u00f0 \u00e1kvar\u00f0a hva\u00f0a s\u00fdklalyf er \u00e1rangursr\u00edkast gegn vi\u00f0komandi s\u00fdkingu. \u00deetta er s\u00e9rstaklega mikilv\u00e6gt \u00fear sem sumar bakter\u00edur hafa \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0 \u00f3n\u00e6mi gegn algengum s\u00fdklalyfjum.<\/p>\n

          S\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 fyrir fugla: Samr\u00e1\u00f0 vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni er lykilatri\u00f0i<\/h2>\n

          \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 heilsu g\u00e6lud\u00fdra okkar, s\u00e9rstaklega fugla, er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 taka \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir bygg\u00f0ar \u00e1 faglegri \u00feekkingu. S\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 er ekki eitthva\u00f0 sem \u00e6tti a\u00f0 taka l\u00e9tt \u00e1 – h\u00fan krefst n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni, \u00feekkingar og faglegrar lei\u00f0sagnar.<\/p>\n

          Fagleg greining er undirsta\u00f0a \u00e1rangursr\u00edkrar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar<\/h3>\n

          \u00c1\u00f0ur en nokkurt s\u00fdklalyf er gefi\u00f0 fugli \u00fe\u00ednum er nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 faglega greiningu<\/strong> fr\u00e1 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni. Fuglar s\u00fdna oft \u00f3lj\u00f3s veikindaeinkenni sem geta stafa\u00f0 af m\u00f6rgum \u00f3l\u00edkum ors\u00f6kum. D\u00fdral\u00e6knir me\u00f0 s\u00e9r\u00feekkingu \u00e1 fuglum getur:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Greint n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega hvort um bakter\u00edus\u00fdkingu s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a<\/li>\n
          • \u00c1kvar\u00f0a\u00f0 hva\u00f0a tegund bakter\u00edu veldur s\u00fdkingunni<\/li>\n
          • Meti\u00f0 hvort s\u00fdklalyf s\u00e9 yfir h\u00f6fu\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Ranns\u00f3knir s\u00fdna a\u00f0 allt a\u00f0 30% s\u00fdklalyfjagjafa til g\u00e6lud\u00fdra eru \u00ed raun \u00f3\u00fearfar, sem undirstrikar mikilv\u00e6gi n\u00e1kv\u00e6mrar greiningar. D\u00fdral\u00e6knir getur framkv\u00e6mt r\u00e6ktunarpr\u00f3f og n\u00e6mispr\u00f3f til a\u00f0 \u00e1kvar\u00f0a n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega hva\u00f0a s\u00fdklalyf muni virka best gegn tilteknu bakter\u00edustofni.<\/p>\n

            Algengustu s\u00fdklalyfjategundir fyrir fugla<\/h3>\n

            \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 me\u00f0h\u00f6ndlun fugla me\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyfjum eru nokkrar tegundir sem eru s\u00e9rstaklega mikilv\u00e6gar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            S\u00fdklalyfjaflokkur<\/th>\nAlgeng d\u00e6mi<\/th>\nHelstu notkunarsvi\u00f0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            Am\u00edn\u00f3gl\u00fdk\u00f3s\u00ed\u00f0<\/td>\nGentamicin, Amikacin<\/td>\nGram-neikv\u00e6\u00f0ar s\u00fdkingar, alvarlegar s\u00fdkingar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Fl\u00fa\u00f3r\u00f3k\u00edn\u00f3l\u00f3nar<\/td>\nEnrofloxacin, Marbofloxacin<\/td>\n\u00d6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingar, kerfisbundnar s\u00fdkingar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Tetras\u00fdkl\u00edn<\/td>\nDoxycycline, Oxytetracycline<\/td>\nChlamydia, Mycoplasma s\u00fdkingar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Penicill\u00edn<\/td>\nAmoxicillin, Ampicillin<\/td>\nGram-j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0ar s\u00fdkingar, mj\u00fakvefss\u00fdkingar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Enrofloxacin<\/strong> er eitt mest nota\u00f0a s\u00fdklalyfi\u00f0 fyrir fugla, s\u00e9rstaklega vi\u00f0 \u00f6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingum, en \u00fea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga a\u00f0 \u00f3vi\u00f0eigandi notkun \u00feess getur leitt til \u00f3n\u00e6mis. Doxycycline er oft fyrsta val vi\u00f0 Chlamydia psittaci s\u00fdkingum (psittacosis), sem er algeng hj\u00e1 p\u00e1fagaukum og skyldum tegundum.<\/p>\n

            Skammtast\u00e6r\u00f0ir og lyfjaform sem henta fuglum<\/h3>\n

            Fuglar hafa einstaka l\u00edfe\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i sem gerir lyfjagj\u00f6f \u00feeim s\u00e9rstaklega krefjandi:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Hr\u00f6\u00f0 efnaskipti<\/strong>: Fuglar hafa mun hra\u00f0ari efnaskipti en spend\u00fdr, sem \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 \u00feeir \u00feurfa oft t\u00ed\u00f0ari skammta<\/li>\n
            • L\u00edtil l\u00edkams\u00feyngd<\/strong>: N\u00e1kv\u00e6m sk\u00f6mmtun er gr\u00ed\u00f0arlega mikilv\u00e6g til a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast eitrun<\/li>\n
            • Vi\u00f0kv\u00e6mt meltingarkerfi<\/strong>: Sumar s\u00fdklalyfjategundir geta raska\u00f0 e\u00f0lilegri \u00fearmafl\u00f3ru fugla<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Lyfjaform sem eru s\u00e9rstaklega hentug fyrir fugla eru:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Lausnir fyrir drykkjarvatn<\/strong> – Au\u00f0veldar \u00ed notkun en krefjast n\u00e1kv\u00e6mrar sk\u00f6mmtunar<\/li>\n
              2. Mixt\u00farur til innt\u00f6ku<\/strong> – Gefa n\u00e1kv\u00e6mari skammta en krefjast \u00feess a\u00f0 fuglinn s\u00e9 handleikinn<\/li>\n
              3. Stungulyf<\/strong> – Fyrir alvarlegar s\u00fdkingar e\u00f0a \u00feegar a\u00f0rar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir eru ekki m\u00f6gulegar<\/li>\n
              4. Inn\u00f6ndunarlyf<\/strong> – S\u00e9rstaklega gagnleg vi\u00f0 \u00f6ndunarf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingum<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 fylgja n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega lei\u00f0beiningum d\u00fdral\u00e6knis var\u00f0andi skammtast\u00e6r\u00f0ir og t\u00edmalengd me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar.<\/em> Of stuttar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ir e\u00f0a r\u00f6ng sk\u00f6mmtun geta leitt til \u00f3n\u00e6mis og endurtekinna s\u00fdkinga.<\/p>\n

                \n

                Aldrei skal gefa fugli s\u00fdklalyf \u00e6tlu\u00f0 m\u00f6nnum \u00e1n samr\u00e1\u00f0s vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni. Jafnvel s\u00f6mu virku efni geta haft mismunandi \u00e1hrif \u00e1 fugla vegna s\u00e9rstakrar l\u00edfe\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feeirra.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

                A\u00f0 lokum er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 muna a\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyf eru a\u00f0eins hluti af heildst\u00e6\u00f0ri me\u00f0fer\u00f0. G\u00f3\u00f0 um\u00f6nnun, r\u00e9tt n\u00e6ring og streitulausa umhverfi eru jafn mikilv\u00e6gir \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00ed bata fuglsins \u00fe\u00edns.<\/p>\n

                R\u00e9tt gj\u00f6f og um\u00f6nnun s\u00fdklalyfja fyrir fugla<\/h2>\n

                S\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 fyrir fugla krefst n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni, \u00feolinm\u00e6\u00f0i og g\u00f3\u00f0rar \u00feekkingar. \u00deegar fuglinn \u00feinn er veikur og d\u00fdral\u00e6knirinn hefur \u00e1v\u00edsa\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyfjum, er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 skilja hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 gefa lyfi\u00f0 r\u00e9tt og fylgjast me\u00f0 \u00e1rangri me\u00f0fer\u00f0arinnar.<\/p>\n

                \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja s\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 muna a\u00f0 \u00feetta \u00e6tti alltaf a\u00f0 vera gert \u00ed samr\u00e1\u00f0i vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni. Sj\u00e1lfslyfjun getur veri\u00f0 h\u00e6ttuleg og leitt til \u00f3n\u00e6mis gegn s\u00fdklalyfjum, sem er vaxandi vandam\u00e1l \u00ed heiminum \u00ed dag.<\/p>\n

                A\u00f0fer\u00f0ir vi\u00f0 lyfjagj\u00f6f<\/h3>\n

                S\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla eru gefin me\u00f0 \u00feremur megina\u00f0fer\u00f0um, hver me\u00f0 s\u00edna kosti og galla:<\/p>\n

                \u00cd vatn<\/strong> – Algengasta a\u00f0fer\u00f0in fyrir sm\u00e1fugla og h\u00f3pa. Lyfi\u00f0 er leyst upp \u00ed drykkjarvatni fuglsins.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • For\u00f0astu a\u00f0 nota m\u00e1lm\u00edl\u00e1t sem geta hvarfast vi\u00f0 lyfi\u00f0<\/li>\n
                • Skiptu um vatni\u00f0 \u00e1 24 klukkustunda fresti<\/li>\n
                • Fylgstu me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fuglinn drekki n\u00e6gilegt magn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u00cd f\u00f3\u00f0ur<\/strong> – Hentar vel fyrir fugla sem bor\u00f0a reglulega.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Blanda\u00f0u lyfinu vi\u00f0 l\u00edti\u00f0 magn af upp\u00e1haldsf\u00e6\u00f0u fuglsins<\/li>\n
                  • Gakktu \u00far skugga um a\u00f0 fuglinn bor\u00f0i alla bl\u00f6nduna<\/li>\n
                  • Nota\u00f0u \u00feessa a\u00f0fer\u00f0 ekki fyrir fugla me\u00f0 minnka\u00f0a matarlyst<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Me\u00f0 innd\u00e6lingu<\/strong> – N\u00e1kv\u00e6masta a\u00f0fer\u00f0in en krefst s\u00e9rstakrar \u00fej\u00e1lfunar.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Framkv\u00e6md af d\u00fdral\u00e6kni e\u00f0a \u00fej\u00e1lfu\u00f0um eiganda<\/li>\n
                    • Gefur n\u00e1kv\u00e6ma skammtast\u00e6r\u00f0<\/li>\n
                    • Nau\u00f0synleg fyrir alvarlega veika fugla<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                      A\u00f0fer\u00f0<\/th>\nKostir<\/th>\nGallar<\/th>\nHentar best fyrir<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                      \u00cd vatn<\/td>\nAu\u00f0veld, \u00e1lagsl\u00edtil<\/td>\n\u00d3vissa um skammt<\/td>\nSm\u00e1fugla, h\u00f3pa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \u00cd f\u00f3\u00f0ur<\/td>\nEinf\u00f6ld, g\u00f3\u00f0 upptaka<\/td>\nFugl g\u00e6ti hafna\u00f0<\/td>\nG\u00e6lud\u00fdrafugla<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      Innd\u00e6ling<\/td>\nN\u00e1kv\u00e6m, hr\u00f6\u00f0 verkun<\/td>\nKrefst \u00fej\u00e1lfunar<\/td>\nAlvarlega veika fugla<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                      Eftirlit me\u00f0 fugli \u00ed me\u00f0fer\u00f0<\/h3>\n

                      N\u00e1i\u00f0 eftirlit me\u00f0 fuglinum \u00fe\u00ednum me\u00f0an \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 stendur er grundvallaratri\u00f0i. Fuglar fela oft veikindi s\u00edn, svo \u00fe\u00fa \u00fearft a\u00f0 vera vakandi fyrir sm\u00e1atri\u00f0um:<\/p>\n

                      Daglegt eftirlit:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Fylgstu me\u00f0 \u00feyngd fuglsins (nota\u00f0u n\u00e1kv\u00e6ma vog)<\/li>\n
                      • Athuga\u00f0u matarlyst og v\u00f6kvainntak<\/li>\n
                      • Sko\u00f0a\u00f0u saur (litur, \u00e1fer\u00f0 og magn)<\/li>\n
                      • M\u00e6ldu l\u00edkamshita ef m\u00f6gulegt er<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Haltu dagb\u00f3k yfir allar breytingar sem \u00fe\u00fa tekur eftir. \u00deetta getur veitt d\u00fdral\u00e6kninum \u00fe\u00ednum \u00f3metanlegar uppl\u00fdsingar.<\/em><\/p>\n

                        Aukaverkanir og vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0<\/h3>\n

                        Eins og \u00f6ll lyf geta s\u00fdklalyf valdi\u00f0 aukaverkunum hj\u00e1 fuglum. Algengustu aukaverkanirnar eru:<\/p>\n

                        Meltingartruflanir<\/strong> – S\u00fdklalyf geta raska\u00f0 e\u00f0lilegri \u00fearmafl\u00f3ru.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Gef\u00f0u fuglinum pr\u00f3b\u00ed\u00f3t\u00edka (\u00ed samr\u00e1\u00f0i vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni)<\/li>\n
                        • Trygg\u00f0u n\u00e6ga v\u00f6kvainnt\u00f6ku<\/li>\n
                        • Fylgstu me\u00f0 breytingum \u00e1 saur<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Minnku\u00f0 matarlyst<\/strong> – Sumir fuglar neita a\u00f0 bor\u00f0a me\u00f0an \u00e1 me\u00f0fer\u00f0 stendur.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Pr\u00f3fa\u00f0u a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 fj\u00f6lbreyttara f\u00f3\u00f0ur<\/li>\n
                          • Gef\u00f0u lyfi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum t\u00edma dags<\/li>\n
                          • \u00cdhuga\u00f0u handgj\u00f6f ef nau\u00f0synlegt er<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Ofn\u00e6misvi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0<\/strong> – Sjaldg\u00e6f en alvarleg.<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • H\u00e6tti\u00f0 me\u00f0fer\u00f0 strax og hafi\u00f0 samband vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni<\/li>\n
                            • Fylgist me\u00f0 \u00f6ndunarerfi\u00f0leikum e\u00f0a b\u00f3lgum<\/li>\n
                            • Hafi\u00f0 ney\u00f0arn\u00famer d\u00fdral\u00e6knis tilt\u00e6kt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              Mundu a\u00f0 aldrei skal st\u00f6\u00f0va s\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 fyrr en henni er loki\u00f0, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt fuglinn vir\u00f0ist batna. \u00d3fulln\u00e6gjandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0 getur leitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 s\u00fdkingin taki sig upp aftur og auki\u00f0 h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mi.<\/p>\n

                              \u00c1byrg notkun s\u00fdklalyfja fyrir fugla<\/h2>\n

                              S\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 fyrir fugla er vandme\u00f0farin list sem krefst n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni og \u00feekkingar. \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 heilsu fj\u00f6\u00f0ru\u00f0u vina okkar er ekkert svigr\u00fam fyrir mist\u00f6k. R\u00e9tt val og notkun s\u00fdklalyfja getur veri\u00f0 munurinn \u00e1 l\u00edfi og dau\u00f0a.<\/p>\n

                              Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja s\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla er fl\u00f3kin spurning sem krefst samr\u00e1\u00f0s vi\u00f0 d\u00fdral\u00e6kni me\u00f0 s\u00e9r\u00feekkingu \u00e1 fuglum. D\u00fdral\u00e6knirinn mun meta einkenni, taka s\u00fdni ef \u00fe\u00f6rf krefur og \u00e1kve\u00f0a vi\u00f0eigandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0. Enoxacin, doxycyclin og baytril eru me\u00f0al algengustu s\u00fdklalyfja sem notu\u00f0 eru fyrir fugla, en hvert \u00feeirra hefur s\u00e9rstaka virkni gegn mismunandi bakter\u00edus\u00fdkingum.<\/p>\n

                              Lykilatri\u00f0i vi\u00f0 val \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum<\/h3>\n

                              \u00deegar kemur a\u00f0 vali \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum fyrir fugla eru nokkur grundvallaratri\u00f0i sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga:<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. R\u00e9tt greining er nau\u00f0synleg<\/strong> – Aldrei m\u00e1 gefa s\u00fdklalyf \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 vita n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega hva\u00f0a bakter\u00eda veldur s\u00fdkingunni<\/li>\n
                              2. S\u00e9rt\u00e6k me\u00f0fer\u00f0<\/strong> – Velja \u00fearf s\u00fdklalyf sem virkar s\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 bakter\u00edu sem veldur vandam\u00e1linu<\/li>\n
                              3. R\u00e9tt skammtast\u00e6r\u00f0<\/strong> – Of l\u00edtill skammtur er gagnslaus, of st\u00f3r getur veri\u00f0 h\u00e6ttulegur<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                \n

                                „S\u00fdklalyf eru ekki t\u00f6fralausn – \u00feau eru \u00f6flug verkf\u00e6ri sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 nota af \u00e1byrg\u00f0 og n\u00e1kv\u00e6mni.“<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

                                Ranns\u00f3knir fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands s\u00fdna a\u00f0 allt a\u00f0 30% fuglasj\u00fakd\u00f3ma sem me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla\u00f0ir eru me\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyfjum hef\u00f0u geta\u00f0 l\u00e6knast me\u00f0 betri um\u00f6nnun og fyrirbyggjandi a\u00f0ger\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

                                Mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess a\u00f0 kl\u00e1ra alla me\u00f0fer\u00f0<\/h3>\n

                                Eitt algengasta mistaki\u00f0 sem fuglaeigendur gera er a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta s\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 um lei\u00f0 og fuglinn vir\u00f0ist betri. \u00deetta getur haft alvarlegar aflei\u00f0ingar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                Aflei\u00f0ingar \u00f3fulln\u00e6gjandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar<\/th>\n\u00c1vinningur fullrar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                                Bakter\u00edur geta \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0 \u00f3n\u00e6mi<\/td>\nFullkomin \u00fatr\u00fdming s\u00fdkingar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                S\u00fdking getur blossa\u00f0 upp aftur<\/td>\nMinni l\u00edkur \u00e1 endurkomu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                Erfi\u00f0ara a\u00f0 me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni<\/td>\nHeilbrig\u00f0ari fugl til lengri t\u00edma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                S\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 fylgja n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega eins og d\u00fdral\u00e6knir m\u00e6lir fyrir um. Jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt fuglinn vir\u00f0ist batna \u00e1 2-3 d\u00f6gum, geta bakter\u00edur enn veri\u00f0 til sta\u00f0ar \u00ed l\u00edkamanum. Fulln\u00e6gjandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0 tekur yfirleitt 7-14 daga, en getur veri\u00f0 lengri fyrir alvarlegar s\u00fdkingar.<\/p>\n

                                Forvarnir draga \u00far \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum<\/h3>\n

                                Besta lei\u00f0in til a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast s\u00fdklalyfjanotkun er a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir s\u00fdkingar fr\u00e1 upphafi:<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Hreinl\u00e6ti b\u00fars<\/strong> – Dagleg hreinsun \u00e1 matardiskum og vikuleg \u00ferif \u00e1 \u00f6llu b\u00farinu<\/li>\n
                                2. N\u00e6ringarr\u00edkt f\u00e6\u00f0i<\/strong> – S\u00e9rstakt fuglaf\u00f3\u00f0ur sem inniheldur \u00f6ll nau\u00f0synleg v\u00edtam\u00edn og steinefni<\/li>\n
                                3. Streitulausa umhverfi<\/strong> – Fuglar sem upplifa mikla streitu eru vi\u00f0kv\u00e6mari fyrir s\u00fdkingum<\/li>\n
                                4. Reglulegt eftirlit<\/strong> – \u00c1rleg heims\u00f3kn til d\u00fdral\u00e6knis getur greint vandam\u00e1l \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00feau ver\u00f0a alvarleg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tileinka s\u00e9r \u00feessar fyrirbyggjandi a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 draga verulega \u00far l\u00edkum \u00e1 s\u00fdkingum og \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f6rfinni \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum. Ranns\u00f3knir s\u00fdna a\u00f0 fuglar sem f\u00e1 r\u00e9tta um\u00f6nnun eru allt a\u00f0 70% \u00f3l\u00edklegri til a\u00f0 \u00feurfa \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjame\u00f0fer\u00f0 a\u00f0 halda.<\/p>\n

                                  \u00c1byrg notkun s\u00fdklalyfja er ekki a\u00f0eins mikilv\u00e6g fyrir heilsu fuglsins \u00fe\u00edns, heldur einnig fyrir samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 \u00ed heild. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 fylgja lei\u00f0beiningum d\u00fdral\u00e6knis, kl\u00e1ra allar me\u00f0fer\u00f0ir og leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 forvarnir, leggur \u00fe\u00fa \u00feitt af m\u00f6rkum \u00ed bar\u00e1ttunni gegn s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mi sem er eitt st\u00e6rsta heilbrig\u00f0isvandam\u00e1l heimsins \u00ed dag.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                  L\u00e6r\u00f0u hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja r\u00e9tt s\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla me\u00f0 faglegri lei\u00f0s\u00f6gn. Kynntu \u00fe\u00e9r algengustu sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma, r\u00e9tta skammta og a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir vi\u00f0 lyfjagj\u00f6f til a\u00f0 tryggja heilbrig\u00f0i g\u00e6lud\u00fdrsins \u00fe\u00edns. Fuglal\u00e6kningar, s\u00fdklalyfjanotkun, fuglasj\u00fakd\u00f3mar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3548,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[756],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dyralaeknastofa-fyrir-fugla"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00e9tt val \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum fyrir fugla: Lei\u00f0arv\u00edsir<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/petutep.com\/is\/bird-antibiotics-benefits-risks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"is_IS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00e9tt val \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum fyrir fugla: Lei\u00f0arv\u00edsir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u00e6r\u00f0u hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja r\u00e9tt s\u00fdklalyf fyrir fugla me\u00f0 faglegri lei\u00f0s\u00f6gn. 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